Archival References
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“Members of the Mochida family awaiting evacuation bus. Identification tags were used to aid in keeping a family unit intact during all phases of evacuation. Mochida operated a nursery and five greenhouses on a two-acre site in Eden Township.”
In 1942 Executive Order 9066 ordered the removal of 110,000 civilians of Japanese descent, including 71,000 American citizens, from the western United States, placing them in internment camps.
Dorothea Lange, Hayward, California, May 8, 1942.
National Archives and Records Administration, Records of the War Relocation Authority, 210-GC-153.
“Woodland, California. Tenant farmer of Japanese ancestry who has just completed settlement of their affairs and everything is packed ready for evacuation on the following morning to an assembly center.
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Dorothea Lange, May 20, 1942.
National Archives and Records Administration, Records of the War Relocation Authority, 210-G-C439.
“Los Angeles, California. The evacuation of Japanese-Americans from West Coast areas under U.S. Army war emergency order. Japanese-American child who is being evacuated with his parents to Owens Valley.”
Russell Lee, Los Angeles, California, April 1942.
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USF33- 013296-M5.
“Dust storm at this War Relocation Authority center where evacuees of Japanese ancestry are spending the duration.”
Dorothea Lange, Manzanar, CA, July 3, 1942.
National Archives and Records Administration, Records of the War Relocation Authority, 210-G-10C-839.
“Enjoying refreshments at the housewarming party at the new Manhattan Hostel for Japanese Americans on November 23, 1945, are Robert M. Benjamin, temporary chairman, Greater New York Citizens' Committee for Japanese Americans; Kenji Nogaki, formerly of Seattle and the Tule Lake Relocation Center, chairman, Resettlement Council of Japanese American Organizations in New York City; Mrs. Ann G. Arcaro, representative of the East Harlem Council; Henry Sugimoto, artist from Hanford, California., and the Rohwer and Jerome Relocation Centers; Mrs. Sugimoto, and their daughter, Madelein.” New York, 11/23/45
“Jimmie Koide is employed by the National Automotive Fibers Company in Oakland as a tent designer. Mr. Koide has relocated from Topaz and is enjoying his work with this concern.”
Photographer: Iwasaki, Hikaru Oakland, California. 8/27/45
“Japanese-American volunteers. First AJA [Americans of Japanese ancestry] volunteer to put on the uniform of the U.S. Army, Mitsuru Doi, eighteen, of Lihue, Kauai, is shown how to buckle on his ammunition belt. Doing the showing is Sergeant John H. Chynoweth, acting first sergeant of the provisional company of Kauai inductees, and nephew of the Brigadier General Chynoweth who was recently awarded the Distinguished Service Medal for his activities in the Philippines even after occupation of the islands by the Japanese.” March, 1943.
Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USE6- D-010186.
“Title: East meets West! New York born troops say Hi Yah to Californians of Japanese descent returning to their former homes after residence of three years in the Rohwer Center, McGehee, Arkansas. Mrs. Eunice Kurisu, returning to her former home in Los Angeles, holds up her charming daughter, Joyce Anne, 3-1/2 months old, for admiring gaze of husky Yanks. The baby's father, and fond husband of Eunice, is a member of the armed forces in the European theatre. The returnees and Caucasian personnel reported a satisfactory and uneventful trip from Rohwer to California over lines of four railways and with equipment varying from a fairly modern cafe car to antiquated wooden coaches of the gaslight era. A tourist sleeper was reserved for the aged and a few who were ill. Disembarking at various stations between Sacramento and Los Angeles, the returnees found many friends to greet them, both Caucasian and Japanese Americans, and the unanimous verdict of all was, We're glad to be home!”
Photographer: Iwasaki, Hikaru Los Angeles, California. 7/30/45
Executive Order 9066
Maisie & Richard Conrat
California Historical Society, 1972.
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